Luling public meetings in 2022
25 substantive meetings from 2022, with official agendas or minutes and plain-English summaries.
City Council
The Luling City Council is meeting in a work session on December 8, 2022, at 5:30 p.m. in the City Hall conference room. The agenda contains no specific items, only the meeting notice.
City Council
The Luling City Council is holding a public hearing to consider annexing two parcels of land, totaling about 72.5 acres, into the city limits. The parcels are part of the Isaac Weldon and Solomon Seal surveys in Caldwell County. The agenda includes only the hearing and adjournment, with no other business items.
- Public hearing on annexation of Parcel A (64.853 acres) and Parcel B (7.675 acres)
- Annexation includes an easement along the old SA and AP Railroad right-of-way
- Meeting held at Luling City Hall, 509 E. Crockett Street
The City Council conducted a public hearing regarding the annexation of several parcels of land, including a 64.853-acre tract and a 7.675-acre tract. No opposition to the annexation was present. The minutes do not record a final vote or decision on the matter.
- Opened and closed public hearing on annexation of land parcels
City Council
The Luling City Council will hold a regular meeting with a consent agenda, citizen comments, and several action items. Key decisions include a proposed annexation of property, approval of the Single-Audit Report, and adoption of the Master List of rates and fees. The council will also receive a police department report and recognize the municipal court clerk.
- Annexation of property on Isaac Weldon Survey A-27 and Solomon Seal Survey A-24
- Consideration of Single-Audit Report for the City of Luling
- Action on City of Luling Master List of rates and fees
- Appointments to Planning and Zoning Commission, Library Advisory Board, and Board of Adjustment
- Presentation of award to Eva Angeles, Municipal Court Clerk
City Council
The Luling City Council will hold a regular meeting to consider several routine items and a few notable actions. These include approving the consent agenda, funding insurance contracts, accepting the Single-Audit Report, and setting a public hearing for a proposed annexation. The council will also vote on adjusting garbage rates for a 4% CPI increase, releasing a construction easement to Buc-ee's, and approving a sludge dewatering study.
- Resolution setting public hearing on annexation of property in Solomon Seale Survey A-24 and Isaac Weldon Survey A-27
- Adjusting garbage rates to reflect 4% CPI charge from Texas Disposal Systems
- Release of 35-foot temporary construction easement to Buc-ee's
- WWTP Sludge Dewatering Study with Strand Associates
- Funding of insurance contracts from Employee Benefit Trust and transfer of funds from General Fund
Council approved a wastewater treatment plant sludge dewatering study and a municipal services agreement for property annexation. The council also authorized funding for employee benefit insurance contracts and approved a 4% garbage rate increase.
- Approved funding for Employee Benefit Trust insurance contracts and fund transfers (Unanimous)
- Postponed Single-Audit Report to December agenda (Unanimous)
- Approved municipal service agreement with Vema Reddy for property annexation (Unanimous)
- Set December 8, 2022, for public hearing on proposed annexation (Unanimous)
- Approved release of 35 foot temporary construction easement to Buc-ees (Unanimous)
- Approved WWTP Sludge Dewatering Study with Strand Associates (Unanimous)
- Approved 4% CPI charge from Texas Disposal Systems for garbage rates (Unanimous)
- Approved 2023 paid holidays for city employees (Unanimous)
City Council
The Luling City Council is holding a special meeting to consider awarding a contract for employee health insurance, including group medical, dental, and life/AD&D coverage. The council will review an analysis and recommendation from a benefits consultant and must act to allow for a December open enrollment period and a January effective date. The meeting also includes approval of minutes from the prior year's Employee Benefits Trust meeting.
- Consider awarding contract for employee health insurance (Group Medical, Dental, Life/AD&D)
- Review of proposals and recommendation by Bob Treacy of SAI/CCBS (Gallagher Benefit Services)
- Approval of minutes from November 10, 2021 Employee Benefits Trust meeting
- Action needed for December open enrollment and January effective date
City Council
The Luling City Council is holding a special meeting with one substantive item: considering approval of an interlocal cooperation agreement with Caldwell County and the cities of Lockhart and Martindale for PHI air ambulance service membership. The rest of the agenda is procedural (call to order and adjournment).
- Interlocal Cooperation Agreement with Caldwell County, Lockhart, and Martindale for PHI air ambulance service membership
City Council
The Luling City Council will hold a work session and regular meeting on September 8, 2022, to consider setting the 2022 ad valorem tax rate and amending water use restrictions. They will also vote on several service agreements, including police radio maintenance, a new city phone system, and grant administration contracts. The agenda includes routine consent items, a citizen comment period, and reports from the city manager and police department.
- Ordinance setting 2022 tax rate and levying ad valorem taxes for fiscal year ending March 31, 2023
- Amendment to water conservation ordinance sections 110-131 and 110-133 through 110-138
- Service agreement with Industrial Communications for police console equipment repair and maintenance
- 60-month service agreement with Maxxvox Hosted Voice Solutions and equipment lease with Marlin Capital Solutions for city phone system
- Professional services agreement with The Reyna Network for $1,500,000 EDA grant application at 5% fee and $65,000 grant administrator contract
The Luling City Council voted unanimously to adopt a property tax rate of 42.74 cents per $100 valuation for 2022, which is a 3.69% increase over the no-new-revenue rate but a decrease from the prior year's rate. The council also approved several service agreements, including a $989/month contract with Industrial Communications for police dispatch console maintenance, a 60-month hosted phone system lease with Maxxvox, and two professional services agreements with The Reyna Network for EDA grant preparation and administration. Additionally, the council amended the city's water conservation ordinance to reflect updated water source information and approved a 5-year license agreement with AEP Texas for a temporary staging area on city property.
- Approved 2022 property tax rate of 42.74 cents per $100 valuation, estimated to generate $1,476,776 in revenue at 90% collection rate
- Approved amended water conservation ordinance updating restrictions based on city water sources from GBRA and Carrizo Springs Aquifer
- Approved $989/month service agreement with Industrial Communications for police dispatch console maintenance
- Approved 60-month lease agreement with Maxxvox Hosted Voice Solutions for city phone system upgrade
- Approved Professional Services Agreement with The Reyna Network for EDA grant application at 5% of award amount
- Approved $65,000 grant administration agreement with The Reyna Network for EDA grant management over 18 months
- Approved 5-year license agreement with AEP Texas for temporary staging area on city property for emergency response equipment
City Council
The Luling City Council is holding a Street Committee workshop to prioritize streets in each ward and transfer the data onto maps. This is a working session, not a decision-making meeting, with no formal votes or public hearings scheduled. The only action items are calling the meeting to order and adjourning.
- Workshop to prioritize streets in each ward
- Transfer street priority data onto maps
- Meeting held at Zedler Mill Pavilion, 1170 S. Laurel Ave.
City Council
The Luling City Council is holding a public hearing to discuss a proposed property tax rate of .4274 per $100 valuation. This is the only substantive item on the agenda, with the meeting otherwise consisting of procedural actions to open and close the hearing and adjourn.
- Public hearing on proposed tax rate of .4274 per $100 valuation
The Luling City Council held a public hearing on a proposed tax rate of .4274 per $100 valuation. No vote or decision was taken; the hearing was opened and closed without further action.
- Held public hearing on proposed tax rate of .4274 per $100 valuation (no vote taken)
City Council
The Luling City Council is holding a special called meeting to consider and potentially adopt an ordinance setting the 2022 property tax rate and levying ad valorem taxes for the fiscal year ending March 31, 2023. This is the only substantive action item on the agenda, with the rest being procedural.
- Ordinance setting the 2022 tax rate and levying ad valorem taxes on all taxable property in Luling for fiscal year ending March 31, 2023
City Council
The Luling City Council is holding a special called meeting with a single action item: approving a 10-foot easement from the city to West Texas Gas. No other business is on the agenda.
- Consider/action on 10-foot easement from City of Luling to West Texas Gas
The Luling City Council approved a 10-foot utility easement to West Texas Gas for a gas line serving the Industrial Park. The easement will be reduced from a 30-foot construction easement and is available to all utilities. The Texas Railroad Commission requires a burial depth of 36 to 48 inches, with no other utility within 4 feet. The motion carried unanimously.
- Approved a 10-foot utility easement to West Texas Gas for gas line to Industrial Park
- Easement reduced from 30-foot construction easement to 10-foot utility easement
- Gas line burial depth set at minimum 36 inches, maximum 48 inches per Texas Railroad Commission
- No other utility may be buried within 4 feet of the gas line
- Motion by Council Member Jackie Campbell, seconded by Marc Taylor, carried unanimously
City Council
The Luling City Council is holding a strategic planning session at the Zedler Mill Pavilion. No formal action will be taken during this event; it is a discussion-only retreat.
- Strategic planning session at Zedler Mill Pavilion, 1170 S. Laurel St.
- No formal action to be taken by the City Council
City Council
The Luling City Council will hold a work session and regular meeting to discuss the proposed 2022 tax rate and schedule public hearings, consider adopting the 2018 International Codes, review water conservation regulations, and receive a police activity report. The agenda also includes routine consent items and a citizen comment period.
- Consider/action on 2022 Proposed Tax Rate and schedule public hearings
- Ordinance amending City Code to adopt 2018 International Codes
- Review and possible revisions of Article 4, Water Conservation, Sections 110-131 through 110-138
- Police Department Monthly Activity Report
- Approval of minutes and accounts payable (consent agenda)
The Luling City Council unanimously adopted a proposed tax rate of $0.4274 per $100 valuation for 2022, which is below the voter approval rate, and scheduled a public hearing for September 1, 2022. The council also approved an ordinance amending the city code to reflect the 2018 International Codes, and voted to revise water conservation triggers to align with GBRA and suspend enforcement of water restrictions until the ordinance is amended.
- Adopted proposed tax rate of $0.4274 per $100 (unanimous)
- Scheduled public hearing on tax rate for September 1, 2022 at 5:30 p.m.
- Approved ordinance amending city code for 2018 International Codes (unanimous)
- Approved motion to revise water conservation triggers to align with GBRA and suspend enforcement until ordinance amended (unanimous)
City Council
The Luling City Council is holding a regular meeting with a work session beforehand. The main items include a zone change request to allow multi-family housing, a proposal for emergency air medical membership, and amendments to building ordinances. The council will also hear the GBRA work plan and budget, approve the appraisal district budget, and receive a police activity report.
- Zone change request by J & S Cosey Homes for 1270 Milam from R-1 to RMD to build a triple or quadplex
- Consideration of PHI Cares Emergency Air Medical Membership Proposal
- Amendments to Chapter 22 Building and Building Regulations
- Approval of 2023 Caldwell County Appraisal District Budget
- GBRA work plan and budget for fiscal year ending 08-31-2023
The Luling City Council approved the GBRA work plan and budget for fiscal year 2023, the PHI Cares air medical membership contingent on county and Lockhart approval, a zone change for multi-family housing at 1270 Milam, and amended building ordinances. The council disapproved the 2023 Caldwell County Appraisal District budget. All votes were unanimous.
- Approved GBRA work plan and budget for FY 2023 (unanimous)
- Approved PHI Cares air medical membership, contingent on county and Lockhart approval (unanimous)
- Approved zone change from R-1 to RMD at 1270 Milam for multi-family housing (unanimous)
- Disapproved 2023 Caldwell County Appraisal District budget (unanimous)
- Approved amended building ordinances Chapter 22 with clarifications (unanimous)
City Council
The Luling City Council will hold a work session and regular meeting to consider a zone change and a conditional use permit for a proposed herbal supplement manufacturing operation on N. Magnolia Ave. The council will also vote on board appointments, a budget amendment, a meeting date change, and adding Juneteenth as a city holiday.
- Zone change request by Winn Smith from C-3 Highway Commercial to I General Industrial for herbal supplement manufacturing on N. Magnolia Ave. (PID 22412)
- Conditional use permit to increase structure height from 35 to 45 feet for product equipment on N. Magnolia Ave. and 1873 N. Magnolia (PID 22366)
- Appointments of Maurice (Butch) Ward and Janie Valverde to the Planning and Zoning Board for 2-year terms
- Budget amendment to 2021 and 2022 Caldwell County Appraisal District budgets
- Resolution amendment to reflect Mayor C. J. Watts' signature for EDA public works application assistance
The Luling City Council unanimously approved a zone change from C-3 Highway Commercial to I General Industrial for Winn Smith's property on N. Magnolia Ave., allowing manufacturing of herbal supplements. They also approved a conditional use permit to increase building height from 35 to 45 feet for equipment functionality. Additionally, the council appointed two members to the Planning and Zoning Board, rejected a proposed budget amendment for the Caldwell County Appraisal District, and approved several administrative items including an EDA resolution amendment and adding Juneteenth as a city holiday.
- Approved zone change from C-3 to I for Winn Smith property (unanimous)
- Approved conditional use permit for 45-ft building height (unanimous)
- Appointed Maurice Ward to Planning and Zoning Board (unanimous)
- Appointed Janie Valverde as alternate to Planning and Zoning Board (unanimous)
- Denied proposed budget amendment to Caldwell County Appraisal District (unanimous)
- Approved amended Resolution #2022-R-02 for EDA grant signature (unanimous)
- Moved August council meeting from Aug 11 to Aug 9 (unanimous)
- Added Juneteenth as observed city holiday (unanimous)
City Council
The Luling City Council will canvass the 2022 General Election results, issue certificates of election, and administer oaths to elected officers. The council will also consider amending building ordinances and a conditional use permit for a home occupation selling produce at 1105 E. Fannin Street. A mayor pro-tem will be elected, and routine consent items include minutes and accounts payable.
- Canvass 2022 General Election and issue certificates of election
- Administer oath of office to elected officers
- Consider/action to elect a Mayor Pro-tem
- Consider amending Chapter 22 Building and Building Regulations
- Conditional Use Permit for home occupation at 1105 E. Fannin Street (PID 25404)
The council canvassed the May 2022 election results, with CJ Watts elected mayor, Raymond McGlothlin and John Wells elected to council seats. The council then administered oaths of office and appointed John Wells as mayor pro-tem. A building code amendment was postponed to the next meeting, and a conditional use permit for a home produce stand was approved.
- Canvassed election results: CJ Watts (mayor), Raymond McGlothlin (Ward 4), John Wells (Ward 5) (unanimous)
- Administered oaths of office to elected officers (unanimous)
- Appointed John Wells as Mayor Pro-tem (unanimous)
- Postponed building ordinance amendment to next month (unanimous)
- Approved conditional use permit for home occupation at 1105 E. Fannin St. to sell fruits, vegetables, and honey (unanimous, Wells abstained)
City Council
The Luling City Council will hold a public hearing to discuss adopting the 2018 International Codes and local amendments. The meeting is otherwise procedural, with no other substantive items on the agenda.
- Public hearing on adoption of 2018 International Codes and local amendments
The Luling City Council convened a public hearing to discuss adopting the 2018 International Codes with local amendments, but no questions were raised and no vote was taken. The hearing was closed and the meeting adjourned without any substantive decisions.
- Opened public hearing on 2018 International Codes adoption
- Closed public hearing with no questions or discussion
- Adjourned meeting without voting on code adoption
City Council
The Luling City Council will hold a work session and regular meeting to consider routine consent items, citizen comments, and several action items. Key decisions include approving the Watermelon Thump festival layout and street closures, the Economic Development budget for FY 2022-2023, library hours, a subdivision request, water and sewer rate amendments, and a resolution for EDA-funded industrial park improvements. The council will also hold executive sessions on economic development (Buc-ees) and personnel matters.
- Approval of proposed festival layout and street closures for Luling Watermelon Thump
- Approval of Luling Economic Development budget for fiscal year 2022-2023
- Reappointment of CJ Watts, James Rougeou, and Gilbert Guerrero to EDC Board
- Adoption of proposed Library hours of operation
- Amendments to water rates (Ordinance 2011-O-08) and sewer rates (Ordinance 2011-O-09)
The Luling City Council approved a Chapter 380 economic development agreement with Buc-ee's Corporation, increased water and sewer rates, adopted new library hours, and approved the Luling Watermelon Thump festival layout. All votes were unanimous. The council also approved the Luling Economic Development budget and reappointed board members.
- Approved 380 agreement with Buc-ee's Corporation (unanimous)
- Amended water rates: base fee increased 50% (unanimous)
- Amended sewer rates: residential base up to $19.36, commercial base up to $19.58 (unanimous)
- Adopted library hours: 52 hours/week (unanimous)
- Approved Luling Watermelon Thump festival layout and street closures (unanimous)
- Approved Luling Economic Development budget FY 2022-2023 (unanimous)
- Reappointed CJ Watts, James Rougeou, Gilbert Guerrero to EDC Board (unanimous)
- Approved Hernandez subdivision for 3 residential lots on Aransas Ave. (unanimous)
City Council
The Luling City Council will meet for a special session to discuss the city budget. The council will consider an ordinance to adopt the budget for the period of April 1, 2022, through March 31, 2023.
- Adoption of budget ordinance for fiscal year beginning April 1, 2022
The Luling City Council unanimously approved the FY2022-23 budget, which includes salary increases and raises to water and sewer fees to fund the budget. The council also approved budget amendments for the 2021-22 fiscal year, reflecting a combined surplus of $300,000. A request to fund Civic Center improvements was discussed but not included in the budget.
- Approved FY2022-23 budget with salary increases and water/sewer fee increases (unanimous)
- Approved budget amendments for FY2021-22 (unanimous)
City Council
The City Council will meet to discuss the upcoming fiscal year budget and establish procedures for the 2022 General Election. The agenda also includes reviewing library hours, fire protection agreements, and industrial park grant proposals.
- Adoption of budget for fiscal year April 1, 2022, to March 31, 2023
- Contract for Election Services between the City of Luling and Caldwell County
- Mutual Aid Fire Protection Agreement with Mid-County Fire/Release
- Request for proposals for Grant Application and Administrative Services for Industrial Park improvements
- Memorandum of Understanding with X-Bow regarding site suitability
The Luling City Council approved several items including a mutual aid fire agreement with Mid-County Fire/Release, an ordinance on meeting policies and procedures (with one opposing vote), a request for proposals for grant services for the industrial park, a memorandum of understanding with X-Bow for site suitability, and multiple election-related items including a contract with Caldwell County. The council postponed the budget adoption to March 23, 2022, and tabled the library hours discussion until next month. The Watermelon Thump Association's downtown closure plan was also deferred for further discussion with a pharmacy owner.
- Approved consent agenda including minutes, accounts payable, investment policy, and election ordinance (unanimous)
- Approved Mutual Aid Fire Protection Agreement with Mid-County Fire/Release (unanimous)
- Postponed budget adoption to March 23, 2022 (unanimous)
- Approved ordinance on Policies and Procedures for City Meetings (6-1, Rust opposed)
- Approved request for proposals for grant services for Industrial Park improvements (unanimous)
- Approved MOU with X-Bow for site suitability (unanimous)
- Amended election order and approved election services contract with Caldwell County (unanimous)
- Approved quitclaim deed for property on Robin Lane (unanimous)
City Council
The Luling City Council will conduct a work session regarding the proposed 2022/2023 budget. This meeting is scheduled to follow a Special Council Meeting on March 7, 2022.
- Budget Work Session on the 2022/2023 Proposed Budget
The Luling City Council held a budget workshop to review the proposed 2022-2023 budget, discussing water and sewer rate increases, salary raises, and other revenue adjustments. No formal votes were taken; the council agreed to schedule a special meeting to adopt the budget before the April 1 deadline, allowing more time to review the numbers.
- Agreed to hold a special meeting to adopt the 2022-2023 budget (no vote recorded)
- Discussed potential water base rate increase of 50-60% (no action taken)
- Discussed potential sewer base rate increase of 45% (no action taken)
- Discussed potential salary increases of 5-10% (no action taken)
City Council
The Luling City Council is holding a special meeting to consider three action items: an amendment to the golf association agreement, a resolution accepting a loan for an irrigation system upgrade, and an ordinance granting a 10-year natural gas franchise to West Texas Gas, Inc. The meeting is scheduled for March 7, 2022, at 3:00 PM at City Hall.
- First Amendment to City of Luling Golf Association Agreement
- Resolution approving Luling Economic Development Corporation project and accepting loan for irrigation system upgrade
- Ordinance granting West Texas Gas, Inc. a 10-year natural gas franchise with annual compensation to the city
The Luling City Council met in special session and unanimously approved three items: a first amendment to the City of Luling Golf Association Agreement, a resolution accepting a loan from the Luling Economic Development Corporation for an irrigation system upgrade, and an ordinance granting West Texas Gas a 10-year franchise to operate a natural gas distribution system in the city. The gas franchise is expected to provide gas to the Industrial Park at a significantly lower cost than alternatives.
- Approved First Amendment to City of Luling Golf Association Agreement (unanimous)
- Approved resolution accepting LEDC loan for irrigation system upgrade (unanimous)
- Approved 10-year gas franchise for West Texas Gas, Inc. (unanimous)
City Council
The Luling City Council is holding a budget workshop to discuss the proposed 2021/2022 budget. The agenda includes only the call to order, the budget work session, and adjournment, with no specific budget details provided.
- Budget work session on the 2021/2022 proposed budget
The Luling City Council held a budget workshop to review the proposed 2022/2023 budget, which totals $14.9 million after adding new items like $104,000 for servers, $230,000 for water meter replacement, and $65,000 for leasing 14 vehicles. No formal votes or decisions were made; the city manager will bring back proposals on salaries, fees, and rates for the next workshop.
- No formal decisions were made during the workshop.
- Reviewed proposed budget totaling $14.9 million, including $6.3 million in General Fund, $7.4 million in Utility Fund, and $800,000 in Debt Fund.
- Discussed potential new expenditures: $104,000 for servers, $230,000 for water meter replacement, and $65,000 for leasing 14 vehicles.
- Noted a $1.9 million deficit in General Fund and $1.2 million surplus in Utility Fund, leaving a $700,000 deficit before adjustments.
- Considered eliminating $2,300 for airport insurance since the airport is closed.
- Discussed potential increases in water/sewer rates and permit fees to address revenue shortfalls.
- City manager to prepare proposals on salaries, fees, and rates for the next budget workshop.
City Council
The Luling City Council will hold a work session and regular meeting on Feb. 10, 2022, covering routine consent items, citizen comments, and recognitions. Key actions include approving professional service agreements with The Reyna Network for EDA and TDA grant applications, issuing the order for the May 7, 2022 general election, and receiving the police chief's racial profiling report.
- Professional Service Agreement with The Reyna Network, LLC (EDA grant)
- Professional Service Agreement with The Reyna Network, LLC (TDA grant)
- Resolution authorizing application for U.S. Dept. of Commerce EDA Public Works Program
- Resolution authorizing application for Texas Dept. of Agriculture Rural Business Fund
- Order for General Election on May 7, 2022
The Luling City Council approved a professional service agreement with The Reyna Network, LLC for a $1.5 million EDA grant (20% match) and a $1 million TDA grant (10% match), along with resolutions to apply for both grants. The council also approved the Chamber of Commerce's 2022 hotel/motel tax budget, issued the order for the May 7, 2022 general election, and received the police chief's racial profiling report.
- Approved consent agenda including minutes and accounts payable (unanimous)
- Approved Luling Chamber of Commerce 2022 hotel/motel tax budget (unanimous)
- Approved professional service agreement with Reyna Network for $1.5M EDA grant (unanimous)
- Approved resolution to apply for EDA Public Works Program grant (unanimous)
- Approved professional service agreement with Reyna Network for $1M TDA grant (unanimous)
- Approved resolution to apply for TDA Texas Rural Business Fund Program (unanimous)
- Issued order for May 7, 2022 general election
- Approved resolution establishing procedures for 2022 general election (unanimous)
City Council
The Luling City Council will hold a work session and regular meeting to discuss routine consent items, citizen comments, and several action items including library hours, a narrow street on North Cedar, declaring a generator surplus, and approving a parking lot expansion for the Guadalupe Appraisal District. The agenda also includes presentations and a police department report.
- Review and set library hours
- Address narrow street on North Cedar
- Declare Dayton Generator Serial #1844673 as surplus
- Resolution approving Guadalupe Appraisal District facility parking lot expansion
- Approve assistance for City of Luling organization events
The Luling City Council voted unanimously to prohibit parking on the 600 block of North Cedar Street to address narrow-street concerns raised by Council Member Lee Rust, particularly regarding emergency vehicle access. The council also approved several routine items, including the consent agenda, declaring a generator surplus, and scheduling budget workshops. Several agenda items were postponed due to absent presenters.
- Approved consent agenda including minutes and accounts payable (unanimous)
- Approved no-parking on 600 block of North Cedar (unanimous)
- Declared Dayton Generator surplus for sale as junk (unanimous)
- Approved resolution for Guadalupe Appraisal District parking lot expansion (unanimous)
- Approved assistance for City of Luling organization events (unanimous)
- Scheduled budget workshops for Feb 17 and Mar 7, public hearing Mar 10 (unanimous)